Specialist advice on the treatment of tomato seedlings from diseases

A real gardener grows tomatoes all year round. He starts in the winter - studies new varieties on the Internet, orders, then rushes to the post office to receive the coveted parcel with a receipt at the ready. He shivers over each stem in spring, and after work he does not sit in front of the TV. You can find him at your favorite tomato beds with a hoe or a hose in your hands. It's the middle of summer, jars, lids, spices are ready, but ...

Garden misfortunes, or you need to know the enemy by sight

Instead of scarlet or pink tomatoes, something brown with black spots hangs on the bushes. The bushes are a depressing sight - withered leaves twisted into a tube, lifeless stems. The vegetable culture is seriously ill. How to treat, how to treat and is it treated? We need to figure it out.

The main causative agents of tomato diseases have been known for a long time:

• bacteria;
• viruses;
• microscopic fungi.

Advice

The plant can get sick under the detrimental effects of any of them. But one thing unites them - a strong attachment to dampness. If rainy and cold weather lasts for two days, it is necessary to take preventive measures against diseases.

You can and should fight. And every vegetable grower sooner or later comes to the conclusion that it is easier to prevent the disease than to save the remnants of the harvest at the end of July. Processing of tomato seedlings is carried out in two cases: to prevent the negative effects of microscopic pests or to treat existing diseases. Better to attack first.

Spring is the time to take care of the future harvest

When presenting rows of cans of tasty tomatoes in spring, you should think about prevention. Already at the stage of looking at a bag of seeds. Many of them are initially infected by the entire batch. Even one sick seed can destroy all seedlings.

Seeds are processed in two ways.

1. Soak in a pale pink potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes.
2. Drying at 30 ° C for three days.

The right time for the first spraying is already at the stage of planting in the ground. Granular preparation "Barrier" consists of specially selected bacteria, which, getting on the plant or in the soil, begin to multiply actively. They suppress the vital activity of tomato pathogens and are safe for humans.

Advice

Do not exceed the recommended concentrations. It is necessary to thoroughly stir five tablespoons of the drug in a ten-liter container and spray the tomato seedlings. If the soil is poured with a solution, the preventive effect will increase.

The conditions are met, but you should not relax - the disease can pass from another vegetable crop. Or from the beds of careless neighbors. Have tomato seedlings been flaunting in the garden for twenty days? The time has come for the next treatment.

The drug "Zaslon" is similar in action to "Barrier". For many gardeners, it is more convenient to use, as it is produced in the form of a solution. To prevent the unique bacteria from dying, it is necessary to spray tomato plants only in dry and calm weather. The best time to prevent disease is after sunset.

Working solutions of the following concentrations are prepared:

• in a liter of water, dilute two caps of the preparation and water the tomato seedlings abundantly;
• stir four caps of concentrate in a liter of water and spray the seedlings.

It is not worth choosing one of the two solutions.Two should be used at once, and then the vegetable crop will be reliably protected from external attacks by viruses and bacteria for three weeks. It is with such an interval that preventive measures against diseases are carried out. You can breathe a sigh of relief only at the end of summer.

Advice

Many causative agents of tomato diseases get on seedlings from potato tops. Experts do not recommend planting these crops together.

Yes, in the spring and summer I had to work hard with dilutions of mixtures and solutions. But the bountiful harvest was worth all the effort. But what about those who did not know about prevention or simply forgot about it? And since mid-July, there has been only continuous pain and sadness in the beds? Salvation is possible. Varieties many seedling diseases, but the biggest danger are two.

The horror of all vegetable growers is late blight

It got colder, it rains constantly, the air is saturated with moisture. Every agronomist knows that the likelihood of late blight in such weather conditions increases many times. A warm and dry greenhouse will save tomato seedlings only for a while. What is this terrible ailment, why do all gardeners become covered with cold sweat at the very mention of it?

Late blight is caused by spores of a pathogenic fungus. Its strains are able to overwinter in the soil, so in the fall the tomato tops must be burned. The fungus loves dampness, and in the bright sun, the plants are not threatened: the spores die instantly. Symptoms of tomato seedling disease are often similar, it is important to learn to distinguish between them.

Signs of late blight: brown spots of various localization (lower leaves) and damaged unripe fruits (covered with black spots). Sometimes green fruits of tomatoes without signs of damage are removed from the garden, hoping to ripen in a warm place. Usually, this method does not bring good results: during storage, dark spots will appear on the reddened vegetables.

Advice

If you pour boiling water over the reddish fruits without damage, then the pathogenic spores will die. The skin will crack, but the tomatoes can be used for winter cooking.

When only part of the seedlings are affected, you can fight for the rest. Sick tomato plants are burned.

In the fight against pathogenic fungi, gardeners use fungicides. Processing is carried out with the following preparations.

• "Oxyhom"... Dissolve one tablet of the preparation in a five-liter container and carefully spray the tomato seedlings. Also moisten the soil underneath abundantly.
• Spray seedlings once every ten days solution metronidazole (one tablet per liter of boiled water).
• "Fitosporin-M"... Three grams of fungicide is diluted in a liter of water, the seedlings are treated every week.

Means of salvation from disease must be alternated. The fungus can develop resistance to one of them, not succumb to its effects. The beds should be processed after sunset and in dry weather. What else awaits the gardener?

Attention! Blackleg

When plants are planted too tightly, close together, each receives little sunlight. And if it is cold and damp ... Tomato seedlings, standing exactly in the garden bed, suddenly tilt and fall. On closer inspection, vegetable growers notice that the stem at the base has dried and darkened.

Blackleg is a fungal disease. It damages both young and already mature seedlings. As a rule, at first everyone is guilty of some kind of insect that damages the roots and stems, processing of tomato seedlings starts too late. Preparations with fungicidal activity are used.

• Damaged parts of tomatoes and the soil under them should be treated with a solution of potassium permanganate of a saturated pink color.
• Three grams of "Fitosporin-M" should be dissolved in one liter of water and sprayed on all seedlings.
• Pour the soil under the plants with a solution of copper sulfate. (Mix 50 grams thoroughly in 10 liters of water).

Advice

Blackleg prefers to settle in beds with acidic soils.For alkalization, you can use ash: shake 3 tablespoons in a ten-liter container and fertilize the soil.

Do not spray heavily damaged tomato plants. They must be burned, and the ground must be treated with fungicidal preparations. The stems of the remaining tomato plants are sprinkled with earth a little, the earth around is loosened. Now all that remains is to wait for recovery.

Someone will say that in the days of our grandmothers there was no such outrage. It's hard to argue with that. Technologies for the production of fertilizers and pesticides are developing and improving. Harmful fungi and bacteria have nowhere to go, they have to mutate, adapt to a new invention.

Most diseases of tomato seedlings have been studied. Effective methods have been found for the prevention and control of already onset ailments. The main thing is not to exceed concentrations, to adhere to the processing schedule, and not to save on modern drugs. And then, in long winters, admire the slender rows of ripe tomato preparations.